Category: Firewood

How to Check Your Firewood is Ready to Burn

charnwoodstoves
11 Oct 2023

When it comes to creating a warm and inviting atmosphere in your home during the colder months, a crackling fire can be just the ticket – but the success of your fire largely depends on the quality of your firewood. Burning damp or unseasoned wood not only produces less heat but also creates excessive smoke and creosote build-up in your chimney, posing a fire hazard. Therefore, it’s crucial to know how to determine if your firewood is ready to burn.

In this article, we’ll delve into the importance of dry wood, the best methods to check if your firewood is ready, and the proper techniques for storing it.

 

Importance of Dry Wood

Using properly seasoned firewood is paramount for efficient and safe burning. Seasoned wood, often referred to as “dry” wood, has had sufficient time to reduce its moisture content. When wood is cut, it typically contains a significant amount of water, known as its moisture content.

Burning wood with high moisture content requires a substantial amount of energy to evaporate the water before it can combust, leading to less heat produced and more smoke emitted. In contrast, dry firewood burns efficiently, generating more heat and decreasing the potential for creosote build-up.

 

Best Ways to Detect When Firewood is Ready to be Burned

There are several reliable methods to determine if your firewood has reached the appropriate level of seasoning:

Moisture meter

A moisture meter is a valuable tool for gauging the moisture content of your firewood. These handheld devices use metal prongs to measure the electrical resistance between them, which changes based on the wood’s moisture level. For well-seasoned firewood, the moisture content should ideally be around 20% or lower. Readings higher than this indicate that the wood requires further drying. Moisture meters are easy to use and provide a quick and accurate assessment of your firewood’s readiness.

Colour

The colour of firewood can offer clues about its readiness to burn. Seasoned firewood tends to be darker in colour, with visible cracks and splits on the ends. Unseasoned wood, on the other hand, appears lighter and smoother. As the wood dries, it develops these distinctive characteristics, making colour a simple yet effective way to assess its readiness for the fireplace.

Find out why we split firewood.

Sound

When two pieces of dry firewood are knocked together, they produce a sharp, resonant sound. In contrast, unseasoned wood creates a dull, thudding noise. By tapping two pieces of firewood together, you can listen for the distinct sound that indicates the wood is dry and ready to be burned.

Explore the best firewood to burn chart UK.

Feel

Dry firewood is notably lighter than its unseasoned counterpart as there is much less water to weigh the wood down. Pick up a piece of wood and feel its weight. If it feels significantly lighter than you’d expect, it’s a good indicator that the wood has lost much of its moisture and is suitable for burning.

 

How to Correctly Store Firewood

Properly storing firewood is crucial to maintaining its dryness and overall quality. By adhering to the following storage guidelines, you can preserve the quality of your firewood and ensure it’s ready to produce a warm and efficient fire when the time comes.

Elevate and cover

Store your firewood off the ground to prevent moisture from seeping in. A raised platform or pallets work well for this purpose. Cover the top of the stack with a tarp or other waterproof covering to shield it from rain and snow.

Allow air circulation

Airflow is essential for drying out firewood. Arrange the wood in a way that allows air to circulate between the pieces. This encourages further moisture evaporation.

Choose a dry location

When selecting a storage area, opt for a dry, well-ventilated spot. Avoid areas prone to high humidity, such as directly against a wall or in a basement.

Rotate the stack

If you’re storing firewood for an extended period, periodically rearrange the stack. Moving the older pieces to the front and bringing the newer pieces to the back ensures that all the wood gets air exposure and continues to dry evenly.

Explore more ways to store firewood outdoors.

 

Why Choose Us?

Charnwood has been committed to providing quality wood burning stoves since 1972 and we know all there is to know about wood burners, and how to get the most out of the wood you burn. If you have any questions about heating your home with a wood burning stove, please get in touch.

how to have a wood burning stove without a chimney

charnwoodstoves
17 Sep 2023

As winter approaches and the nights draw in, many of us are already preparing our homes for the colder months, especially when it comes to staying warm and snug when the temperatures drop.

If you live in a house without a chimney, you might not have considered installing a wood burning stove to heat your home. This is because, there’s a common misconception that you cannot have a wood burning stove without a chimney.

The good news is that you can! And we’ve created a helpful guide outlining how you can do this.

 

Do I Need a Chimney for a Wood-Burning Stove?

The good news is you don’t need a chimney to install a wood burning stove however, you will have to fit a twin wall flue system through the roof or wall of your home.

There are two types of twin wall chimney flue systems that you should be aware of:

-External twin wall flue system – These systems involve connecting the pipes to the stove so that they are able to exit through an external wall. In most cases, these pipes run up the side of a property, leading to the roof so that the fumes can exit safely.

-Internal twin wall flue system-  This type of system runs from the stove, and up into the ceilings, before exiting through the roof.

Also explore how to clean your wood-burning stove.

 

Installing a Wood Burner Without a Chimney

If you are looking to install a wood burner without a chimney, you should always touch base with a professional to carry out the work. This is because it’s not a case of one size fits all when it comes to the installation process, as every property is different.

However, if you’re looking to gain an idea of how the installation process works, we’ve created a general guide outlining what you will need install a wood burner without a chimney.

 

A Stove

Whether you opt for a wood burning stove or a multi fuel stove, you will need to remember to make a note of the flue size so that you purchase the correct stove pipe.

 

Stove Pipe

You should always ensure that the stove pipe diameter fits your stove, as many vary in size! Again, you should always consult a professional when it comes to choosing the correct stove pipe.

 

Twin Wall Flue System 

A twin wall flue pipe is a type of flue system that is used when there is no chimney stack. It is constructed from two layers of rigid stainless steel and acts as its own chimney stack and liner combined. Ultimately, the system features a series of connectable pipes that carry the fumes from your stove outside.

 

A Hearth

Finally, your wood burning stove must be placed on a suitable hearth and as a general rule of thumb, the hearth will need to be at least 12mm thick, made of a non-combustible material and it is paramount that it covers an area of 840mm x 840mm, with at least 225mm in front of the stove door.

 

How Much Will It Cost?

The cost of installing a wood burning stove without a chimney depends on the work required to install the stove. With this in mind, all quotes are bespoke and are looked at on a case by case basis.

At the same time, labour costs may also differ as it will cost more to install a twin wall flue as the process can be more complex. Visit our ‘Where To Buy’ page to find your nearest stockist and installer

 

Why choose us?

Founded in 1972, we are a privately owned, family controlled, British company specialising in the design and manufacture of high quality wood burning and multi-fuel stoves. Our team are committed providing the highest quality stoves, at the best possible price.

We also have a firm focus on protecting the environment and ensuring our operations are sustainable and responsible.

We operate a policy of caring for the environment in all aspects of the business; from the products we design, to the way we package them, to the way we transport them, to the way we deal with disposal of waste products, to the vehicles we use, to our choice of raw materials.

 

Get in touch now

If you have any questions about our wood burning stoves, please get in touch with a member of our team today.

Essential Wood Burning Stove Tips

charnwoodstoves
14 Sep 2023

At Charnwood we feel strongly about caring for the environment. We consider design, packaging, transportation, the materials we use and how we handle them, all with a view to being as environmentally friendly as possible. With far better eco credentials than oil, coal or gas, a wood-burning stove is an opportunity to make a positive environmental impact. However, to maximise this, it’s important to use your stove the right way.

Whether you are a new owner or eagerly awaiting your new order’s arrival, it’s wise to do a little research before lighting your first fire – however tempting it may be to strike that first match! In this blog we will discuss the essential stove tips that will give you a significant head start on your journey into the wonderful world of wood-burning — enabling you to optimise your stove for both the environment and your personal satisfaction.

Choosing your wood

 

A key factor in creating that warm, cosy fire is the choice of wood you burn. Charnwood stoves are designed to run on seasoned or kiln-dried wood with a moisture content of less than 20%. This is important because it produces a significantly cleaner and more efficient burn.

Hardwoods such as ash, birch, beech, or oak are renowned for burning hot, clean and for longer periods. Softwoods such as fir, pine and sycamore can be used but will burn faster with moderate heat output. Freshly cut logs generally contain over 60% water and should be dried for 18-24 months before the wood is ready to burn. Here is a useful chart that gives more detail about different species and their various qualities.

Find out more about the types of wood to use for your wood-burning stove.

There are four key stages to seasoning wood

 

SPLIT wood into logs in a size to suit your stove no larger than 15cm (6”) in diameter. Split some smaller pieces to use as kindling.

STACK the wood in a place that gets plenty of sun and wind. A pile of wood may rot before it has time to season, so make sure the logs are stacked in a way that allows air to circulate. Ideally, keep the stack off the ground and away from the house. Never stack logs above head height to prevent injury from falling logs.

COVER the stack to protect it from rain and snow. You can cover just the top, or the sides as well – just make sure the air can get in and that moisture isn’t getting trapped.

STORE the wood for 18-24 months or until the moisture content is below 20% (you can test this with a moisture metre). It’s a good idea to bring wood inside two or three days before you intend to burn it to make sure it’s properly dried out and ready to use.

Find out more about how to successfully season wood.

Kiln dried wood

This is another widely available alternative and an excellent choice! The wood is cut, split and dried in large ovens, which speeds up the seasoning process. Look out for the Woodsure Ready to Burn label which guarantees a moisture content of 20 % or less.

What not to burn

If you are a new owner, it’s tempting to burn almost anything you can get your hands on, however for environmental and health reasons we strongly recommended against this. What to avoid requires a certain amount of common sense as the list is long, but here are a few key ones to be mindful of.

-Plywood offcuts, chipboard and MDF are not advised due to the glues used to make them.

-Avoid old/recovered wood that has been treated or old painted wood as these can be toxic.

-Do not burn rubbish.

-Printed papers are coated with chemicals and can cause troublesome ash deposits.

-Natural or synthetic fibres, such as fabric, burn too fast and can be toxic.

-Any solvents or chemicals and substrates potentially exposed to them.

 

Lighting your fire

 

Now you have the right wood for your needs, there are several stages you should know to building and lighting a successful fire in your stove. Following our four simple steps when making your fire will allow your stove to run at maximum efficiency and with minimum emissions.

1/ Clear the grate of ash then place 2-3 smaller logs on the stove bed. On top of this build a ‘Jenga style’ stack of 6-8 kindling sticks and place a natural fire lighter inside.

2/ Fully open the air control for maximum air intake and a quick and easy ignition. Light the fire lighter.

3/ Close the door but leave it slightly ajar. This helps to heat the chimney flue for a clean burn. Once the fire is burning well close the door and reduce the air control.

4/ Every time a log is added open the air control again until the fire is burning well and then return the air control to normal. Re-fuel little and often.

Maintain your stove

 

The winter months are when your wood burning stove will see the most use. Regular maintenance will ensure your stove burns safely and efficiently while giving you many years of service.

CLEAN THE GLASS

If soot accumulates on the stove glass, we offer an effective Atmosfire dry wiper for cleaning. For any stubborn stains you can use a stove glass cleaner or ceramic hob cleaner but avoid using any abrasive cleaning products.

CLEAN THE SURFACE

When it comes to cleaning the exterior surface of your stove and the surrounding area, you can’t go far wrong with a soft brush and a damp, lint free cloth. It is important you only clean your stove when it is unlit and cool to the touch.

EMPTY THE ASH PAN

When burning wood, it is helpful and effective to start your fire on a bed of wood ash but avoid letting the ash build up too much. When your stove is not in use empty out the ash pan and firebox completely.

INSPECT DOOR SEALS

Take the opportunity to regularly check the rope seals on the doors and around the flue to ensure your fire box is airtight and the doors close firmly. A well-sealed stove will burn much more efficiently and effectively.

A FRESH COAT OF PAINT

For a quick touch-up or a complete colour change we offer cans of our high temperature stove paint in the 8 Charnwood colour options. This is a simple yet brilliant way to give your stove a new lease of life.

SWEEP FREQUENTLY

It’s important to keep your flue clear of blockages and soot and we recommend you have your chimney swept at least once a year. A Charnwood stove is fitted with a drop-down throat plate allowing you to sweep through the appliance with minimum mess.

 

Enhance your stove experience

 

Charnwood offer a wide range of accessories designed to optimise the performance of your stove and enhance your fireside experience.

COOKING PLATE

Available for most of our models this cast-iron plate replaces the blanking plate on a Charnwood stove where a rear outlet has been fitted to create a highly effective hot plate for cooking. It comes complete with 4 trivets.

TOASTING FORK

The perfect gift for any stove fanatic. Simply place the magnetic holder onto the stove top and suspend the fork in front of the glass. The fork and holder are made from stainless steel with a turned beech handle.

You can find our full range of accessories along with spare stove parts on our website charnwood.com.

Bodj Fireside

 

Our sister company Bodj offer a beautiful range of fireside accessories which are a perfect complement to any fireplace. From elegant log baskets to the fireside tools needed to help maintain the daily glow and warmth emanating from you stove. It’s award winning design, handmade by experienced craftspeople, using sustainable and locally sourced materials.

Why Choose Us?

Charnwood Stoves is a leading manufacturer of wood burning stoves, and we have over 30 years of experience in the industry. We offer a comprehensive range of tips and advice on how to use your wood burning stove safely and efficiently. Our tips are based on the latest research and best practices, and they are designed to help you get the most out of your stove.

Our team are committed to providing you with the information you need to use your wood burning stove safely and enjoyably. Here are some of the reasons why you should choose Charnwood for wood burning stove tips:

• We are experts in the field of wood burning stoves.

• Our tips are based on the latest research and best practices.

• We are committed to providing you with the information you need.

Simply get in touch with our team today.

 

View the whole range at Bodj.co.uk

 

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How Wood is a Sustainable and Renewable Fuel – Everything You Need to Know

charnwoodstoves
02 Jun 2023

Wood has long been used as a source of fuel, providing heat and energy for centuries. However, concerns about air pollution and sustainability have cast a shadow on its use as a viable energy option. By managing and choosing wood correctly, we can address these concerns and reclaim the case for burning wood as a sustainable and renewable fuel.

Air Pollution

Concerns about air pollution have cast a shadow on the use of burning wood as a viable energy option. This is an important environmental issue and it is necessary to understand its relationship with burning wood.

When wood with high moisture content is burned, it produces more smoke and harmful emissions, including particulate matter and volatile organic compounds which can have adverse effects on human health and the environment.

However, burning dry, seasoned wood with less than 20% moisture content significantly reduces these emissions, making wood-burning cleaner and more environmentally friendly. Wood that has been properly seasoned produces significantly less smoke and carbon monoxide; it also has less creosote build-up and prevents the growth of mould on the logs. The seasoning process, by removing these toxins, makes the wood much cleaner to burn.

Learn about the wood seasoning process.

 

Renewability and Sustainability

Wood is a renewable fuel source because the trees it comes from can be replanted and regrown. Trees are a part of the natural carbon cycle, absorbing carbon dioxide from the atmosphere as they grow. When burned, wood releases this stored carbon dioxide back into the atmosphere. However, as long as new trees are planted to replace the harvested ones, the carbon dioxide emitted during wood burning is effectively reabsorbed by the growing trees, resulting in a closed carbon loop.

By using sustainably managed woodlands where trees are harvested and replaced in a responsible manner, we can ensure a continuous supply of renewable wood fuel. It is crucial to support and promote sustainable forestry practices to maintain healthy forests, preserve biodiversity, and mitigate climate change.

Explore alternative sources of wood fuel, such as wood pellets or briquettes made from wood waste or by-products. These can provide a more efficient and consistent fuel source while reducing waste and promoting circular economy principles.

Explore the best firewood to burn chart in the UK here.

 

Responsible woodland management

If you have access to woodland, implement responsible management practices. This may include planting new trees, managing invasive species, and ensuring proper harvesting techniques to maintain the health and biodiversity of the forest ecosystem.

For those that don’t have access to woodland, it’s important to seek out wood that carries certification from recognised forestry programs, such as the Forest Stewardship Council (FSC) or the Sustainable Forestry Initiative (SFI). These certifications ensure responsible forest management practices and contribute to the overall sustainability of wood fuel.

Properly managed woodlands are vital to our ecosystem and our wildlife. As well as being home to many plant and animal species, they also play a vital role in water resource management – minimising flood impact and regulating water availability. Forests also play a massive role in climate regulation through carbon dioxide absorption.

 

Local Communities

Buying wood locally is a key part of responsible wood burning as it reduces the transportation emissions associated with long-distance shipping. Supporting local communities also helps boost the regional economy and encourages sustainable forest management practices.

Choosing local wood suppliers provides an opportunity to establish direct connections with producers, ensuring transparency and accountability in the sourcing process. It allows consumers to enquire about the origin of the wood, ensuring it comes from sustainably managed forests and promoting ethical practices within the industry.

 

Five Steps to Choosing Wood Correctly

To maximise the sustainability and efficiency of wood burning, here are five steps to help you choose and manage wood correctly.

1/ Source locally.

2/ Opt for seasoned wood.

3/ Look for certification.

4/ Consider alternatives, such as wood pellets or briquettes.

5/ Practice responsible woodland management.

Wood is a sustainable and renewable fuel option when managed and chosen correctly. By burning dry, seasoned wood with low moisture content, purchasing locally sourced wood, supporting sustainable forestry, and following responsible woodland management practices, we can harness the benefits of wood fuel while minimising its environmental impact.

 

Why Choose Us?

Charnwood has been committed to providing quality wood burning stoves since 1972 and we know all there is to know about wood burners and responsibly using wood as a fuel source. If you have any questions about heating your home with a wood burning stove, please get in touch.

 

How to Use Vents on Multi-fuel Stoves

charnwoodstoves
02 Jun 2023

Multi-fuel stoves offer the flexibility to burn a variety of fuels, including wood, smokeless fuels and briquettes, and are popular heating appliances thanks to their versatility and efficiency. To optimise their performance and ensure clean combustion, multi-fuel stoves use air vents that regulate the air supply.

 

What are Stove Air Vents?

Stove air vents, also known as air inlets or dampers, are openings built into the structure of a multi-fuel stove that allows controlled amounts of air into the combustion chamber. These vents facilitate the incineration process by regulating the oxygen supply, ensuring an efficient and controlled burn.

At Charnwood we have incorporated a single air control on all our multi-fuel stoves that simplify the burning process so you don’t need be concerned about adjusting numerous controls. Just pull out to burn harder or push in to slow the burn down.

 

How Do Stove Air Vents Work?

As you know, a fire needs three things to survive: fuel, heat and oxygen; this is often referred to as the “fire triangle”. Stove air vents control how much air (and subsequently, oxygen) gets to the fire. When starting a fire, you want as much oxygen as possible so the fire can light. Once the fire is self-sustaining, you want to reduce the amount of oxygen for a steady and more efficient burn.

 

Air Supplies in Stoves

The air supplies in stoves are categorised into three main types: primary, secondary, and tertiary air supplies. On a Charnwood stove all three vents are incorporated into an air box that is fitted to the base of the stove and controlled by one slider.

 

Primary Air Supply

The primary air supply is the main source of oxygen for initial combustion and it is typically regulated by a primary air vent at the stove’s base or front. Controlling the primary air supply allows users to ignite and establish a fire. Adjusting this vent allows users to increase or reduce the amount of oxygen available to the fire, influencing the burn rate and heat output.

 

Secondary Air Supply

Once the fire is established, secondary air becomes essential for complete combustion. The secondary air vents are strategically placed in the upper part or sides of the stove to introduce fresh, pre-heated air into the combustion chamber above the fuel bed. This additional oxygen helps burn off any unburned gases, reducing emissions and promoting a cleaner, more efficient burn.

 

Tertiary Air Supply

The tertiary air supply is an advanced feature found in all our multi-fuel stoves; it introduces a controlled amount of air into the flue gases. The tertiary air vents are once again incorporated into the airbox  and are designed to inject air into the path of the exhaust gases. This additional oxygen promotes the secondary combustion of any remaining gases, increasing efficiency and reducing particulate emissions.

 

How to Use Stove Air Vents

Step 1: Preparing your stove

Before starting a fire in your stove, it is essential to check that your air control is pulled out fully – this allows for a sufficient supply of oxygen to ignite and establish the fire.

 

Step 2: Starting your fire

Once you have added kindling and are ready to light the fire, ignite the kindling as you would normally. It is important to leave the control fully open during this stage. The unrestricted flow of oxygen will facilitate the ignition and rapid development of the fire. Allow the kindling to burn until it has taken hold and is burning steadily.

 

Step 3: Closing your vents

As the fire takes hold of the kindling and starts burning steadily, it is time to add some larger wood and start adjusting the control. Begin by gradually closing the primary air vent by pushing in the button. By reducing the primary air supply, you control the amount of oxygen reaching the fire, regulating the burn rate and heat output. Monitor the fire closely and make incremental adjustments to the control until you achieve a desired balance between heat production and fuel consumption.

 

Step 4: Adjusting your vents

As the fire spreads beyond the initial kindling and begins burning the wood, you can fine-tune the heat output by adjusting the single control further. Increasing the secondary air supply promotes combustion, reducing emissions and increasing efficiency. Adjust the control to find the optimal balance that provides sufficient oxygen for clean burning while maintaining the desired heat output.

Explore our types of firewood here.

 

Why Choose Us?

Charnwood has been committed to providing quality wood-burning stoves since 1972 and we know all there is to know about wood burners, and how to get the most out of the wood you burn. If you have any questions about heating your home with a wood-burning stove, please get in touch.

 

Best Firewood to burn chart UK

charnwoodstoves
23 May 2023

When it comes to choosing wood for burning, many people are searching for something that is best in terms of sustainability. Wood is a viable energy source that is virtually carbon neutral and also a cost-effective heat source for many homes. To help you find the best firewood for your needs, we’ve put together this handy chart to show you the different types of firewood available and the benefits they each offer.

Which firewood should I choose?

When choosing your firewood, we would recommend opting for a hardwood as they are generally denser than softwoods and will produce more heat and burn longer. However, softwoods do light quicker and can be cheaper, but they are more resinous than hardwoods, meaning they are more likely to build up tar deposits in your flue.

Common hardwood species include beech and oak.

Common softwood species include cedar and pine.

Kiln dried logs are a good option as these guarantee a low moisture content. ‘Ready to burn’ logs should have less than 20 per cent moisture levels for optimum heat output and efficiency, and with kiln dried logs you can be sure you’re purchasing a consistently dried log that will provide the best source of heat. Naturally seasoned logs are generally less expensive but be sure to test the moisture content before burning. They will need to have been seasoned for at least one year, preferably two.

To learn more about our different types of firewood, view here.

 

Which wood burns the longest?

There are several firewoods that burn for a sufficient amount of time, but oak and hawthorn are both favourable hardwoods to choose. These both burn slowly and produce a good source of heat.

Although hardwoods are a more efficient fuel source in terms of heat output and burning time, they can be harder to ignite from cold. This is when softwood kindling comes in handy, as it can help you get your fire up and running, before using the hardwood to fuel and maintain the slow burning fire.

The following chart is a common list of UK firewoods, showing you if they are hardwood or softwood and providing some detail of their characteristics.

Additionally, to learn everything you need to know about firewood, view here.

 

Firewood Name Hard or softwood Comments Grade
Alder Hardwood Generally considered a low quality firewood as it burns quickly and provides little heat. Poor

 

Firewood Name Hard or softwood Comments Grade
Apple Hardwood Needs to be seasoned. Has a nice smell and burns well with a without sparking/spitting. Good
Ash Hardwood Considered one of the best firewoods. It has a low water content and can be burned green. It is still best when seasoned and will burn at a steady rate. Great
Beech Hardwood Beech has a high water content so will only burn well when seasoned. Good
Birch Hardwood Birch burns easily but also fast, so is best mixed with slower burning wood such as Elm or Oak. A great fire lighter is birch bark. Good -Great
Cedar Softwood Cedar provides a pleasant smell and provides lasting heat but with little flame. You can also burn small pieces unseasoned. Okay
Cherry Hardwood Needs to be seasoned to burn well. Okay-Good
Elm Hardwood A good firewood but due to its high water content, it must be seasoned well. It may need assistance from another faster burning wood such as Birch to keep it burning effectively. Okay-Good
Hawthorn Hardwood A good firewood that burns well. Good-Great
Hazel Hardwood Excellent firewood when seasoned. Burns fast but with no spitting. Great
Holly Hardwood A good firewood that can be burnt green. Good
Hornbeam Hardwood A good firewood that burns well. Good
Horse Chestnut Hardwood Horse chestnut spits a lot and is considered a low quality firewood. Okay
Larch Softwood Needs to be seasoned well. Spits excessively while it burns and can produce a lot of soot. Poor
Lime Hardwood Considered a low quality firewood. Okay
Oak Hardwood One of the best firewoods when seasoned well.  It provides lasting heat and burns at a slow rate. Great
Pear Hardwood Needs to be well seasoned. Burns well with a pleasant smell and without spitting. Good
Pine Softwood Pine burns well but spits a lot and can leave behind soot. It can act as a good softwood kindling. Poor
Plane Hardwood A usable firewood. Good

 

Firewood Name Hard or softwood Comments Grade
Poplar Softwood Considered a poor firewood and produces black smoke. Poor
Rowan Hardwood Considered a good firewood that burns well. Good
Spruce Softwood Considered a low quality firewood. Okay
Sweet Chestnut Hardwood Burns when seasoned but spits excessively. Not for use on an open fire. Poor-Okay
Sycamore (Maples) Hardwood Considered a good firewood that burns well. Good
Walnut Hardwood Considered a low quality firewood. Okay
Willow Hardwood Willow has a high water content so only burns well when seasoned properly. Okay
Yew Hardwood Considered a usable firewood. Okay-Good

Why Do We Split Firewood?

charnwoodstoves
26 Apr 2023

Splitting firewood, the process of dividing large logs into smaller pieces, has become necessary to improve the wood’s quality and ensure an efficient burning experience. In this article, we will explore why we split firewood, how it affects the burning experience, and what factors affect the drying time of firewood.

 

Why Firewood is Split

 

Split Firewood is Easier to Light

When a fire is started, it needs three things to keep burning: fuel, oxygen, and heat. Split firewood provides a better balance of these three components, making it easier to ignite than whole logs.

Split firewood has a higher surface area to volume ratio, meaning that more of the wood’s surface is exposed to the air. This affects the wood in two ways: firstly, it is easier to dry the wood, and secondly, it is easier for the wood to ‘catch’.

Wood that is split is easier to dry than larger chunks of wood, and wood that has a high moisture content is challenging to ignite because it takes more heat to evaporate the water.

The increased surface area also means that more oxygen can reach the wood, which is crucial not only for initial combustion but also for keeping the fire burning.

When you light split firewood (and especially when lighting kindling to start the fire), the flames quickly engulf the wood due to the increased surface area and dryness, resulting in a steady heat output. The efficient combustion process that occurs with split firewood also produces less smoke and ash, which is beneficial for both indoor and outdoor fires.

 

Splitting Firewood Produces More Heat

The greater surface area of split wood (when compared to that same log before it was split) also results in greater heat, this is because more oxygen can reach more of the wood and support combustion. The heat generated from the combustion of the wood is then transferred to the surrounding air, which warms up more quickly.

Because split wood is easier to dry than unsplit wood, there is typically less moisture content in split wood. This means the heat generated from split logs can be used to warm the room rather than being used to evaporate the water in the logs, which can be the case with larger, unsplit logs. Burning wood with a high moisture content takes longer and produces less heat and more steam.

 

What Factors Affect Firewood Drying Time?

The species of wood, initial moisture content, season and climate, size and shape, airflow, and storage location all affect the drying time of firewood. Properly seasoned firewood should have a moisture content of less than 20% and be stored in a dry, well-ventilated area for at least 6-12 months before use.

The type of wood affects the drying time because some species of trees have a higher moisture content than others. For instance, hardwoods like oak, hickory and maple have a lower moisture content than softwoods like pine and spruce, which means they dry at a different rate.

The initial moisture content of the wood affects how long it will take to dry. Freshly cut or “green” wood has a higher moisture content than wood that has already been partially seasoned or dried. If buying partially-seasoned wood, you will need to dry it further yourself, but this won’t take as long as drying it from being freshly cut.

Weather conditions can also affect the drying time of firewood. If the wood is exposed to sunlight and wind, it will dry faster than wood stored in a damp or shady area. The storage method also plays a crucial role in the drying time. Firewood stored in a well-ventilated area with a cover to protect it from rain will dry faster than wood stored in a damp or enclosed area. When stacking firewood for drying, make sure there is a good level of airflow between the logs.

 

Burning Whole Logs – What You Should Know

While splitting firewood is recommended for a more efficient and enjoyable burning experience, it is still possible to burn whole logs. However, burning whole logs requires a longer burning time and produces less heat than split wood. It also produces more smoke and ash than split wood.

When burning whole logs, it is essential to make sure they are well-seasoned (dry) and to ensure that the fire has enough oxygen to support combustion, which can be achieved by adjusting the airflow on the wood-burning stove.

Whole logs have a smaller surface area, and as a result, less oxygen can reach the centre of the log. This lack of oxygen can cause the fire to smoulder, producing more smoke and ash, making it harder to maintain a steady heat output. Whole logs also take longer to ignite than split firewood, and they can be challenging to keep burning consistently due to the reduced airflow around the wood.

To find out everything you need to know about firewood, check here.

 

Why Choose Us?

Charnwood has been committed to providing quality wood burning stoves since 1972 and we know all there is to know about wood burners, and how to get the most out of the wood you burn. If you have any questions about heating your home with a wood burning stove, please get in touch.


 

How to Store Firewood Outdoors

charnwoodstoves
26 Apr 2023

Quality firewood storage is a necessity for wood-burning stove owners. Proper storage is key to ensuring that your firewood stays dry and ready to use, preventing moisture build-up, pest infestations, and mould growth.

In this article, we’ll provide you with tips and guidelines for storing firewood outdoors, including choosing the right location, stacking and covering the wood, and rotating the stack to ensure even drying.

 

Top Tips for Storing Your Firewood Well

 

Choose a dry, well-ventilated area

Firewood must be dry to burn efficiently. A shed, garage, or covered area with good ventilation is ideal.

 

Keep it off the ground

Storing firewood directly on the ground can cause it to absorb moisture and harder to ignite. To prevent this, stack the firewood on a raised platform or pallet.

 

Stack it properly

Stacking the firewood in a neat, organised pile can help it dry more quickly and evenly. Stack the logs in alternating directions to create air pockets between them as this will encourage airflow. Be mindful not to stack the wood too high as this can become unstable and difficult to manage. A stack that is 4 to 5 feet high is usually sufficient.

 

Cover it

Cover firewood with a tarp or other waterproof cover to protect it from rain and snow.

 

Make sure it’s dry

Newly cut firewood can contain up to 60% moisture, so it’s important to let it dry out before burning (moisture content needs to be less than 20% for efficient burning).

Depending on the type of wood and weather conditions, this can take anywhere from 6-18 months. Make sure to rotate logs in your stack regularly to ensure they dry out evenly.

 

Selecting the Right Storage Location

 

Seek Out a Location Close to Your Home

You want to choose a location that’s easily accessible from your home so you can easily bring in and take out firewood as needed. It also makes it easier to keep an eye on your stack.

 

Find a Location off the Soil

As mentioned above, you don’t want to put your firewood directly onto mud or grass as this will cause the wood to absorb moisture from the ground and rot.

You can stack your firewood on surfaces like concrete and gravel, or you can lay a tarp under the firewood. In both these cases, make sure that the wood won’t be sitting in water if it rains. Ideally, you want your firewood raised off of the ground, and you can use a wooden pallet or stacking apparatus designed for storing firewood.

 

Check if There is Room in an Outdoor Non-Wooden Storage Shed

If you have a shed or outbuilding in your garden, you can use this as a place to store your firewood as it is protected from rain and soil. It’s not advisable to use a wooden shed for this as firewood can attract ants – carpenter ants in particular are very damaging to wooden structures. If your shed becomes home to a colony of carpenter ants, over time the roof may become unsupported and you may need to replace the shed.

When considering the best way to store firewood, it is important to ensure proper firewood storage to keep your logs dry and pest-free. Additionally, referencing the best firewood to burn chart UK can help you select the optimal wood types for burning. Knowing how to store logs correctly will ensure your firewood is always ready for use.

To also find out why you should split firewood, check our blog here.

 

Why Choose Us?

Charnwood has been committed to providing quality wood burning stoves since 1972, and we know all there is to know about wood burning stoves. If you have a shed or outbuilding in your garden, you can use this as a place to store your firewood as it is protected from rain and soil. It’s not advisable to use a wooden shed for this as firewood can attract ants – carpenter ants in particular are very damaging to wooden structures. If your shed becomes home to a colony of carpenter ants, over time the roof may become unsupported and you may need to replace the shed.

When considering the best way to store firewood, it is essential to ensure proper firewood storage techniques are followed. Knowing how to store logs correctly will help maintain their quality and readiness for use. Make sure to store firewood off the ground, stack it properly, and cover it to protect against moisture. By following these guidelines, you can effectively store firewood and ensure it remains in good condition for your wood-burning stove. If you have any questions, please get in touch.

Fireplaces: Electric Vs Wood burning Stoves

charnwoodstoves
21 Mar 2023

What is an Electric Stove and a Wood burning Stove?

An electric stove is one that uses electricity to produce heat and a wood burning stove, quite simply, burns wood for heat. They both have their advantages and disadvantages when it comes to cost, heat output and ease of use. This article will help you weigh up the pros and cons for your particular situation.

Electric Stove Benefits

Electric stoves are very easy to use, usually at the flick of a switch and can even be activated with a remote control. They also have relatively low purchase prices with many costing between £100-£500.

Because they use a heating element to warm up the room, there is no mess to clean up. This also means they also don’t need any vent or chimney, meaning they are easier to install, can be installed in more locations in the room and can easily be installed in apartments. This means the installation costs are lower than a wood burning stove.

If you have solar panels (or another form of harvesting renewable energy at home), you could be heating your house at a reduction.

 

Electric Stove Drawbacks

Perhaps the biggest drawback of electric fireplaces is if there’s a power cut, there’s no heat. One of the biggest causes of power cuts is storms damaging power supplies, and these usually take place in winter, which is just when you need your fireplace the most! This is a particular concern issue for those who live in rural or more remote locations.

The price of electricity is greater than that of wood and it’s sensitive to global fluctuations, meaning it can soar easily – as seen in the winter of 2022/23). In many cases, the production of electricity relies on burning fossil fuels, which isn’t sustainable.

While electric fireplaces can imitate the appearance of flickering flames, they lack the appeal of real flames and don’t have the comforting crackle or homely smells of a real fire.

Most electric fireplaces are only able to produce around 1.5kW or 5,000 BTU (British Thermal Units), whereas wood burning stoves typically generate 4 -10 kW (14,000 to 35,000 BTUs), with some going as high as 15kW (50,000 BTU). Also, the heat generated from electric fireplaces only stays in one room.

 

Wood burning Stove Benefits

Logs are the cheapest fuel for households, costing 74% less per kWh than electric heating. After installation, affordable wood burning stoves, including small wood burning stoves, are far more cost-efficient in heating your home than an electric fireplace.

Wood burning stoves in the UK also generate a lot more heat than electric fireplaces, comfortably producing 4-10kW (14,000-35,000 BTUs). This level of heat output, combined with the low costs of the logs, makes wood burning stoves incredibly efficient.

With a wood burning stove, you can funnel the heat to other parts of the house, not just the room it’s in; this additional use increases the efficiency of your wood burning stove.

Beyond their warmth, wood burning stoves provide the real sounds and smells of a crackling fire, creating an unparalleled experience of comfort and offering many well-being benefits.

Wood burning stoves need no electricity to work and so are immune to power cuts and price hikes.

 

Wood burning Stove Drawbacks

The initial installation of a wood burner, and a flue if necessary, isn’t cheap. The average installation, including the purchase of the stove itself, is about £2,000.

Wood burning stoves in the UK require the chimney to be swept at least once a year – as well as improving efficiency, this is vital for safety reasons.

You need to have somewhere dry to store your wood.

 

So which is better, an electric or wood burning stove?

While both have pros and cons, the low running costs and high heat output of wood burning stoves make them a clear winner in our book (even if we are slightly biased!)

Here at Charnwood, we sell a range of wood burning and multi-fuel stoves in contemporary and traditional styles, incorporating the latest in clean burn technology.

We’ve been committed to providing quality wood burning stoves since 1972 and we know all there is to know about wood burners, and how to get the most out of the wood you burn. If you have any questions about heating your home with a wood burning stove, please get in touch.

 

How Long Does It Take to Season Wood?

charnwoodstoves
21 Mar 2023

Seasoning wood refers to the drying process used in preparing firewood for being burnt. Wood that has been seasoned has been dried so that, when it is used in a fire, it has a lower moisture makeup and therefore produces less smoke and is easier to light.

Wood that is not properly seasoned and burnt in a wood stove or fireplace can lead to high creosote build-up in the chimney, which can cause chimney fires.

There are a few physical differences between seasoned wood and unseasoned wood:

• Unseasoned wood, due to its higher water content, is heavier

• The ends of seasoned wood are dark and cracked

• Seasoned wood, when tapped against one another, makes a hollow sound

• The bark of seasoned wood is a lot easier to peel than that of unseasoned wood

• There may be green patches on unseasoned wood

 

Factors to Consider when Drying Firewood

Water Content

For a log to be considered seasoned and suitable for burning, it needs to have a low moisture content. If you are drying your own firewood, you should use a moisture meter to determine how much water content your logs still have.

Using your moisture meter, you should keep drying your firewood until it is at least below 20% as a minimum but, ideally, under 10%. The more water there is in a log, the more smoke and less heat it will produce. Most green wood has a water content of around 50%+ when it’s freshly cut.

When acquiring wood you plan to use in a fire, a general rule of thumb is that the greener it is, the longer it will take to seasoning firewood.

 

Average Humidity and Temperature

Wood is a hygroscopic material, meaning the humidity around it can cause the wood to either absorb or release moisture. In areas with high humidity, wood will absorb moisture from the air, and in areas with low humidity, wood will expel moisture.

When it comes to seasoning wood, the obvious ideal combination is low humidity and high temperature, which makes the later days of spring and throughout the summer the best time to season wood.

In an environment with 99% relative humidity, the moisture content of wood will (with enough time) become 23-30% however, when the air has a relative humidity of 75%, the moisture content will work its way down to 14% – an ideal % for burning wood.

 

Wood Species

The kind of wood you use has a bearing on the rate at which wood is seasoned, whether that is hardwood or softwood.

Hardwoods produce more heat when they are burned but take about 18 months to properly season, whereas softwoods can be seasoned in 6-12 months and have the added bonus of being easier to cut and split, making them more appealing for many who cut and prepare their own wood.

The terms hardwood and softwood don’t actually apply to the woods themselves, but to the trees’ seeds: hardwood seeds have a covering while softwood seeds don’t.

When it comes to burning wood, a top tip is to use softwoods to get the fire going then hardwoods to have a long, enduring heat.

Cedar and pine are good softwoods to burn, while ash, oak, birch, fruit trees and even eucalyptus wood are great hardwoods for fires.

 

Proper Stacking

Wood should be stacked off the floor so as not to absorb ground moisture, and you need to allow plenty of ventilation between stacked logs so that moisture can escape.

When you are cutting your wood, cutting it to similar sizes will make it easier to stack. Cutting each log into 16-inch long cords is standard, and then cutting the wood into quarters is a popular and effective method.

Seasoning your wood outside is best, ideally in a location that gets plenty of sunlight. If you live in an area with high levels of rainfall, keeping it outside but covered (like in a barn or shed) is an option, so long as there is plenty of airflow around the wood. Don’t season your wood in your home as there is a risk the drying wood will attract termites; it will also not season properly when it’s indoors.

You can use a firewood log rack to help with the seasoning; these are metal frames that keep the logs off of the ground, promote airflow around the cords and can be positioned for optimal sunlight.

When stacking, you need to be sure any rain (or snow) won’t soak your logs. Avoid this by either storing them in a sheltered area or by protecting them with a waterproof cover, but be sure to keep the ends exposed to the air.

To find out everything you need to know about firewood, check out this blog.

 

Average Time to Season Wood

There are many variables when it comes to firewood seasoning and many ways to help speed up the seasoning process, however, the average time to season wood that you’ve cut from a tree is approximately 12 months. It can take an average of 6 months if you’ve bought the wood from a supplier.

Wood will dry out more quickly when it has been chopped into smaller pieces – the smaller the piece, the quicker it’ll wood seasoning. You can expect wood to dry at a rate of approximately one inch per year – i.e. a log that is one inch wide will take one year and a log that is two inches wide will take two years to seasoning firewood.

As well as splitting the wood into smaller pieces, you can also speed up the seasoning process by:

• Drying it in late spring or summer

• Stacking it correctly – plenty of ventilation between logs and ends exposed to the air

• Stacking it in bright, direct sunlight

• Dry it in a kiln

 

Also explore our Wood-Burning Stove FAQs.

 

Why Choose Us?

Charnwood has been committed to providing quality wood burning stoves since 1972 and we know all there is to know about wood burners, and how to get the most out of the wood you burn. If you have any questions about heating your home with a wood burning stove, please get in touch.